Hábitos de lectura de los agricultores del sur de Brasil: un enfoque histórico-sociológico

Abstract

A REVIEW IS PRESENTED OF THE HISTORICAL AND SOCIAL ASPECTS THAT EXPLAIN THE READING HABITS OF THE PEOPLE SINCE THEIR ROTOS IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY, WITH THE PURPOSE OF MAKING A COMPARISON WITH THE FARMERS, WHO WERE VERY SIMILAR TO THE INHABITANTS OF THE URBAN AREAS UNTIL THE FIRST DECADES OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY. THE FARMERS OF THE SOUTHERN REGION OF BRAZIL DO NOT READ, AND THIS HAS CAUSED THEM GREAT DIFFICULTIES IN BECOMING INCORPORATED INTO MODERN SOCIETY. THEY DO NOT READ BECAUSE THERE IS NO PRINTED MATERIAL AVAILABLE FOR THEM, THEY DO NOT HAVE SUFFICIENT PURCHASING POWER, AND BECAUSE THEY DO NOT KNOW HOW TO READ. THE FARMERS SHOULD BE ALERT TO THE DANGERS OF BEING EXPOSED TO INFORMATION TRANSMITTED BY RADIO AND TELEVISION, BECAUSE THEIR ABILITY TO INTERPRET PRINTED MATERIALS CAN BECOME REDUCED AND THUS LEAD THEM TO BECOME FUNCTIONALLY ILLITERATE. IT IS PRESUPPOSED THAT MASSIVE LITERACY CAMPAIGNS, BY THEMSELVES, ARE NOT SUFFICIENT TO PRODUCE READING HABITS; CERTAIN ACTIONS SHOULD BE STRUCTURED TO PREPARE INDIVIDUALS TO REALIZE THEIR NEEDS. THE WOMAN IS TAKEN AS THE CENTRAL ELEMENT OF DIALOGUE IN THE RURAL AREAS. IT IS PRESUMED THAT IF THE LITERARY TASTE OF THE FARMER, IN A LATENT STATE, IS STIMULATED, IT WILL EASILY BLOSSOM. THIS STIMULATION CAN BE ACHIEVED THROUGH ACTIONS THAT SIMULTANEOUSLY SATISFY THE PERTINENT SOCIAL INTERESTS AND THE THEORETICAL, ECONOMIC, AND SOCIAL PROBLEMS OF THE FARMERS.